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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses its spike (S) protein to bind to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor located on the surface of host cells. The priming of the S protein is carried out by transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), which divides the S protein at the S1/S2 site. The expression of ACE2 in testicular tissues can increase their risk of being targeted by SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the association of androgen receptor signaling with COVID-19 severity has also provided evidence as to why men are often at a greater risk of severe disease. Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer and is responsible for most cancer-related deaths in men globally. High levels of TMPRSS2 and ACE2 expression have been observed in the prostate tissue. Previous studies have reported that downregulation of ACE2 expression, along with an increase in ACE2 activity, is associated with prostate carcinogenesis. The overexpression of T...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely impacted the lives of millions of people throughout the world. To date, COVID-19 has claimed the lives of over 6.4 million globally. Many have suggested that people with chronic urinary disorders are more susceptible to severe COVID-19. Furthermore, men with comorbidities like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer, erectile dysfunction (ED), and infertility are also considered to be more vulnerable to COVID-19. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses its spike (S) protein to bind to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor located on the surface of host cells. The priming of the S protein is carried out by transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), which divides the S protein at the S1/S2 site. The expression of ACE2 in testicular tissues can increase their risk of being targeted by SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the association of androgen receptor signaling with COVID-1...